пятница, 27 января 2017 г.

CRC

You have the right to say what you want. You have the right to express what you are concerned, it is on your mind, what you think and feel and think. It's in all children and young people's constitution.



Here is a short version of the CRC.

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Child Convention is an agreement between all countries in the world, except the USA and Somalia.
CRC was approved by Norway in 1991 and now is the approval of a total of 191 countries in the world. US and Somalia are the only two countries in the world who have not yet committed themselves to the agreement.

The agreement regulates the human rights of citizens in relation to their own state. That your rights as young and the obligations that the Norwegian authorities have towards you.

Short version of the CRC:
1. 18 YEARS OF AGE

All under 18 are children, unless an earlier age is statutory by the state.

2. NO DISCRIMINATION

Convention rights apply to all children without discrimination and irrespective of the child and his parents' race, color, sex, language, religion, origin, property, disability or beliefs. The State shall ensure that there is no discrimination.

3. THE CHILD BEST

Also read: The Children Act
In all actions concerning children, whether undertaken by public or private social welfare institutions, courts of law, administrative authorities or legislative bodies, the child's best interests shall be a primary consideration.

4. STATE RESPONSIBILITY

It is the State's responsibility to put the rights of the child life.

5. PARENTAL RESPONSIBILITY

The State shall respect the rights and duties of parents and other guardians have to provide the child with guidance and support so that the child should be able to assert Convention rights.

6. RIGHT TO LIFE

The state shall as far as possible to ensure that children survive and develop.

7. NAME AND NATIONALITY

The child, immediately after birth, the right to name and nationality and, as far as possible, to know his parents and be cared for by them.

8. IDENTITY

The State shall respect the child's right to preserve their identity, including nationality, name and family relations. Where a child is illegally deprived of such identity, the state shall assist with restoration.

Also read: The rights of persons with disabilities
9. KEEPING THE FAMILY TOGETHER

The child shall not be separated from their parents against their will, except when necessary in the interests of the child.

10. FAMILY REUNIFICATION

Applications for family reunification shall be dealt with in a positive, humane and expeditious manner. Children have the right to regular contact with both parents.

11. ILLICIT TRANSFER AND RETENTION

The State shall combat children being taken illegally out of the country or prevented from returning, and will enter into agreements with other countries to achieve this.

12. TO SAY ITS OPINION AND BE HEARD

The child has the right to give their opinion in all matters affecting the child and opinions should be given weight.

13. GET AND GIVE INFORMATION

The child has the right to freedom of expression, to seek, receive and disseminate information and ideas of all kinds and in all ways.

14. FREEDOM OF THOUGHT, CONSCIENCE AND RELIGION

The child has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion. The State shall respect parents' rights and duties to educate your child about their rights in such matters.

15. FREEDOM

Children have the right to organize and freedom.

16. RIGHT TO PRIVACY

The child should not be subjected to arbitrary or unlawful interference with his privacy, family, home or correspondence. It should be protected from unlawful attacks on honor and reputation.

17 MASS MEDIA

The state shall ensure the child has access to information from a diversity of national and international sources. The state shall encourage the mass media to publish and disseminate information, which creates understanding, knowledge, social skills and well-being, to produce suitable material, including minority children. The State shall protect children from harmful information.

18. PARENTAL RESPONSIBILITY

Both parents have a primary responsibility for child care and development according to what is best for the child. The State shall provide support and ensure the development of institutions, facilities and services for child care, including taking into account the working parents.

19. PROTECTION FROM ABUSE

The state shall protect the child from physical or mental abuse, neglect or exploitation by parents and other caregivers.

20. CHILDREN DEPRIVED OF FAMILY CARE

Children who are without family environment is especially entitled to protection and care, for example foster placement, or if necessary placement in suitable institutions or adoption.

21 ADOPTION

National and international adoption should only take place in accordance with the law and shall be authorized by the government. Adoption shall not result in improper financial gain, and should be considered as an alternative to childcare in the child origin.

22. REFUGEE CHILDREN

Children seeking refugee status or who is considered a refugee shall receive appropriate protection and humanitarian assistance. The State shall, in cooperation with international organizations assist an unaccompanied child to be reunited with their parents.

23. DISABLED CHILDREN

Mentally and physically disabled children have the right to live a full and decent life, in conditions which ensure dignity, promote self-reliance and facilitate the child's active participation in society. A disabled child is entitled to special care.

The child should get education, training, healthcare services, rehabilitation services, preparation for employment and recreation opportunities to achieve the best possible integration and individual development. The state will cooperate with other countries on this, and pay special attention to developing countries.

24. HEALTH

The child has the right to get the best possible medical treatment and assistance to recover from illness. The state should work to reduce infant and child mortality, ensuring that all children receive necessary medical assistance, provide good health care to mothers after birth, combat disease and provide information and education on health and proper nutrition. The state shall also abolish harmful traditions, cooperate with other countries and in particular take into account the needs of developing countries.

25. CHILDREN UNDER CARE

Children placed in care outside of the family environment is entitled to periodic review of the treatment and stay there.

26. SOCIAL SERVICES

The State shall ensure that the child receives the social assistance and financial support he is entitled under national law.

27. STANDARD OF LIVING

Children have the right to a standard of living that is adequate in all areas. Parents or others responsible for the child have the primary responsibility to secure the conditions necessary for the child's development. The state has a duty to support the parents.

28. EDUCATION

The child has the right to education. The State shall make primary education free and compulsory and make different forms of secondary education accessible to every child, and take measures to reduce the number of those who do not complete their schooling. School discipline shall be administered in a manner consistent with the child's human dignity. The State shall also promote international cooperation on education, especially taking into account the needs of developing countries.

29. OBJECTIVE OF THE EDUCATION

The education shall promote the development of the child's personality, and theoretical and practical skills. It shall create respect for human rights and understanding of peace, tolerance and friendship between people. Education shall develop respect for nature, and for the child's own and other cultures.

30. MINORITIES AND INDIGENOUS PEOPLES

Children belonging to a minority or who is indigenous has the right together with others in their group, to enjoy their own culture, religion and language.

31. PLAY AND RECREATIONAL

The child has the right to rest, leisure and play, and to participate in cultural and artistic life.

32. CHILD LABOUR

The child has the right to be protected from economic exploitation and from performing any work that could weaken education or development.

33. NARCOTICS

The child has the right to be protected against illegal use, trafficking and production of drugs.

34 SEXUAL EXPLOITATION

The child has the right to protection from all forms of sexual exploitation and abuse. To protect children from such exploitation shall state take all appropriate measures, nationally and internationally.

35. ABDUCTION, PROSTITUTION AND SALE

The state has a duty to implement national and international measures to prevent kidnapping, abduction or trafficking of children for any purpose or in any form.

36. OTHER EXPLOITATION

The state has a duty to protect the child from all forms of exploitation prejudicial to the child's welfare.

37. IMPRISONMENT, DEATH PENALTY AND TORTURE

Children should not be subjected to torture or other inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. Neither capital punishment nor life imprisonment without possibility of release are prohibited for offenses committed before the age of 18. Children who are in prison, shall be separated from adults unless it is considered in the best interests of the child.

Imprisonment shall be used only as a last resort and for the shortest appropriate period of time. Arrest and detention shall be lawfully and the child has the right to legal and other appropriate assistance and to obtain a prompt and independent review of their case.

38 CHILDREN IN WAR

The State shall take measures to prevent children who have not attained 15 years, taking direct part in hostilities.

39. REHABILITATION AND REINTEGRATION

The state is obliged to take all appropriate measures to ensure rehabilitation and social reintegration of children who are victims of abuse, exploitation, neglect, torture, armed conflicts or other inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.

40. INFRINGEMENT OF PENAL LAW

Children who are accused or convicted of criminal offenses are entitled to a treatment which ensure dignity and promote its respect for human rights. The aim is that the child a constructive role in society. The State should establish a criminal consent. It shall be possible to get appealed to a punishment of a higher authority or court. The child shall have the free assistance of an interpreter if the child does not speak the language used.

41. WHEN OTHER LAWS ARE BETTER

If other national or international laws the state has passed, the child than with this Convention applies these laws, and not convention.

42. ABOUT THE CONVENTION TION

The state is obliged to make the Convention known to children and adults.

The state has duties to you
Human rules are duty rules for state about how children and young people under 18 should be treated. In 2003, Parliament decided that the Convention would become part of Norwegian law, human rights law. Every law can be ranked in order of importance, where the Constitution is at the top, as the Human Rights Act and the bottom other laws and regulations.

We say that the Human Rights Act has a step height right under the Constitution. Thus we see the importance of the Convention and the principles society is based, while it takes precedence over other law if the laws contradict each other.

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